The Bills of Lading Bill, 2025, replaces the colonial-era 1856 law, modernizing India’s maritime trade framework.

It simplifies legal language, aligns with global shipping norms, and sets the stage for digitized trade documentation. The bill maintains core principles like ownership transfer and legal protections while empowering the government with directive authority.

Though it doesn’t yet legalize electronic bills of lading (e-BLs), it hints at a future digital framework. Benefits include faster port clearances, reduced legal disputes, and improved global trade trust.

However, concerns remain over fraud risks, lack of clarity on e-BLs, and absence of freight rate regulation. As part of India’s Sagarmala push, the reform is seen as essential for scaling logistics efficiency and global competitiveness.